Everything about Pyotr Saltykov totally explained
Count Pyotr Semyonovich Saltykov (
1697 -
1772) was a
Russian statesman and a
military figure,
adjutant general (
1762), son of
Semyon Saltykov.
In
1714, Pyotr Saltykov was sent by
Peter the Great to
France to master the science of
navigation and remained there for some 20 years. In
1759, during the
Seven Years' War of
1756-
1763, he was appointed
commander-in-chief of the
Russian army and would soon win a victory at
Palzig (Battle of Kay) and
Kunersdorf.
In 1763, Pyotr Saltykov became commander-in-chief of
Moscow and put in charge of the Moscow Senate Office (Московская сенатская контора). During Saltykov's term, they established a number of new
post offices, restored
Golovinsky and
Kolomensky Palaces and a number of city gates. They also repaired most of the worn-out
bridges across the
Moscow River and continued dismantling the walls of the
White City (
fortification belt around Moscow) in order to provide building material for the construction of the Orphanage (Воспитательный дом) (ordered by
Catherine the Great) and restoration of the
Arsenal. In April of
1764, Saltykov reported to
Saint Petersburg about the opening of the Moscow Orphanage. With the purpose of providing
Muscovites with food, Pyotr Saltykov banned the removal of imported
bread from the city and arranged wholesale purchases of bread from landowners. He also secured regular
wine deliveries to Moscow, the need for which had been estimated at 575,000
vedros. Saltykov was also fighting against
gambling.
In
1765, he took part in burning of books "harmful to society" at the order of
Catherine II of Russia. During the
plague outbreak in
1771, which caused mass departure of landowners, city officials, and rich merchants from Moscow, Pyotr Saltykov asked Catherine the Great for a permission to leave the city. Without waiting for her reply, he left for his
Marfino estate in the outskirts of Moscow. After the
Plague Riot had broken out in Moscow on
September 16, Saltykov returned to the city. However, Catherine the Great relieved him of his post on
November 13, 1771.
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